To discuss this, we will discuss the origin of life in this Universe. For a new alien life to take birth anywhere in this universe, only the below conditions must be met on the asteroid:-
1. The temperature of the asteroid must be between 8°C to 42°C for a small time interval of approximately 72 hours on an average.
You must be surprised, if it is that simple, why do we not have so many aliens with advanced space crafts? Becuase almost all asteriods are made of ice and as they move closer to the stars or planets, thier temperature will increase and should fall in the above range.
Well there is a catch here, because I have not mentioned the probability of the natural occurrence of point no. 1. Majority of the time this cell will die naturally(accidentally) as the temperature goes below 8°C or above 42°C.
And after a cell is formed, for it to grow and evolve as an animal without an intelligent brain. It may take around 2000 to 5000 years of sheer luck. (To get the temperature between 8°C to 42°C at the same location and time to increase from 72 hours to 2000 years) Becuase a cell or animal without an intelligent brain cannot change the temperature around itself consciously. And the asteriod would be in motion all the time.
And then further evolve itself into a human with a highly intelligent brain. It may take another 50 to 500 years of hard work and luck as well, to build the technology needed as we have today.
But this temperature range of 8°C to 42°C, at the location in this universe where the cell was formed and evolved into an intelligent life later on, has a probability of once in 10^100 or more years. This probability is a very motivating data point, as it shows how lucky we all are to be alive.
Please note that numbers mentioned here (except the temperatures) are just an estimation and could be extrapolated by a large number also. Because no one including our highly intelligent ancestors(early man) also, ever had a complete record of the entire evolution of life from a living cell to a human.
Now we will try to discuss how we came up with the probability that I have mentioned.
How cells can be formed from sand and water?
Because asteroids are made of sand and water, so we have the required matter needed. You may have learnt that cells are so small that we can experience them at a micrometer scale using a microscope and other equipment. But I will go deeper and explain that a microscopic cell is formed due to some special changes in its atoms and molecules at nano and picometer scale, which cannot be seen directly with your eyes. Refer this picture attached.
We will call the matter/energy of the cell at nano scale as a nanocell. I had earlier written a blog on “How Computer reads and writes data ?”. If you read it again, you would notice that I have mentioned a table “Production Vs Reproduction”. So basically any living cell is formed due to a phenomenon of resonance at an atomic level in all the 5 dimensions. Refer the tabe below as well for the analogy of a nanocell to a prison.
| Analogy to Prison | Nano scale mapping for a nanocell |
| Prison Cells/Rooms | Atoms |
| Prisoner | Nano Electric Field |
| PoliceMan | External Medium/Field |
For a nanocell both space(distance) and time is measured in nanometers and nano seconds. In the picture above, I have shown how the atoms or nanocell/nano-matter(which may or may not form a living cell) differ from each other. For the living cells to form we need sand and water and a mix of both, which will be a semi-solid matter(sticky matter). I have shown 3 types of prisons:
| Mapped to type of atom | Prison room name | Prisoner Name | Space-Time Ratio |
| Sand atom | Nano-Cell-1 | Prisoner-1 | Time passes very slowly |
| Water or Gas atom | Nano-Cell-2 | Prisoner-2 | Time passes very quickly |
| Semi-solid atom | Nano-Cell-3 | Prisoner-3 | Time passes moderately |
| Semi-solid atom | Nano-Cell-4 | Prisoner-4 | Time passes moderately |
In my previouls blog of (how-do-machines-or-space-ships-navigate-in-deep-space) I had mentioned the time passage is different in solds liquids and gases. So using the same knowledge, we can undesrtand and relate how the time passage is different for the atoms of nanocell.
For simplicty we will initially assume that there are only 4 prisoners such that Prisoner-1 is living in Nano-Cell-1 and so on as mentioned in the table as well. Now we will imagine a bollywood movie with prison and assign characters and mood to all the prisoners.
| Prisoner Name | Prisoner Mood | Prisoner Crime | Prison Time |
| Prisoner-1 | Introvert | Very Serious Crime | Several Months |
| Prisoner-2 | Extrovert | Negligble Crime | Nano/Pico seconds |
| Prisoner-3 | Experienced | Serious Crime | Seconds/Minutes/Hours |
| Prisoner-4 | Novice | Serious Crime | Seconds/Minutes/Hours |
Prisoner-1: He is living inside an orange cell after commiting a very serious crime, there is no door in the prison(or is locked all the time) and just 1 window. He does not talk much with fellow prisoners or has any intereset in the outside world also. He is happy/sad but satisfied with his prison and accepted his state and life style for a longer duration.
Prisoner-2: He is either convicted of a very small crime or has enough power and influence to move in and out of the prison at his will. There is no door in the prison for his free movement. And he is always busy and cannot spend much time and talk with fellow prisoners also.
Prisoner-3: He is convicted of serious crimes, such that his time in prison is similar to Prisoner-4. Becuase of this they have enough time to form friendship with each other and share and learn information from each other.
Prisoner-4: He is also convicted of serious crimes, but he is novice compared to Prisoner-4.
Micro Police Man: He is a police man, his job is to remain strict with the prisoners. And also makes sure that they are afraid of him and do as he asks them to, and does not allow the prisoners to dominate him.
In our imaginary movie, prisoner-3 was a very good artist who could draw beautiful paitings. So draws a very beautiful painting called as “Art-3” as shown in the picture above. Prisoner-4 was also a very good artist, he watches the painting drawn by prisoner-3 and tries to copy and draw the same. However we can see that his painting “Art-4”, is only similar to “Art-3”, but not exactly the same.
The policeman is watching the paintings by both the prisoners, and based on our bolloywood story plot he is a highly diligent officer, so he will definately not encourage this activity inside the prison. What do you think would be his reaction ?
Policeman Reaction-1 : Majority of the time, he will erase the paintings and warn the prisoners not to do this again.
Policeman Reaction-2: He will ignore the paintings drawn by the prisoners and just perform his tasks.
Policeman Reaction-3: He will take interest in the painings drawn by Prisoner-3, and come close to the Nano-cell-3. Observe the Art-3 very carefully and then go to Nano-cell-4 and tell Prisoner-4, how he can make his paining exactly the same as “Art-3”. But while doing this he makes sure that he is diligent and not giving any secrets which could help thier escape.
The probability of occurence and complete success of “Reaction-3” by the policeman could be 1 in 3 or it could also be 1 in 1 trillion. And we wil discuss next how it is getting automated naturally, as this is the most important probablity for discussion. This automation can partly be explained due to Chirality.
What is Chirality ?
As this a complicated topic, so for easier explanation I have created a video to explain chirality. Watch this video first from this link. I have modified the above image slightly and made it look more close to how energy flow happens at atomic level. So refer the picture below after you have watched the video.
In this picture, we are looking at the nano-cell prison from the top. And the Prisoner-3 here is carrying information (bAdA) for simplicity or it can be anything else also. In this case, the dotted blue line indicates “Line of Sight” for both the prisoner and the policeman. The policeman cannot directly see the information (bAdA) inside nano-cell-3. And unlike in the previous image where we allowed the policeman to go near cell-3 and see the Art-3 and then relay this infomation to the prisoner of cell-4. Here part of his work is automated by a mirror. There are 2 red mirrors placed such that the mirror image of (bAdA) is seen by the policeman as (AbAd), and this image is seen by Prisoner-4 as (bAdA)
Now for final explanation, on how the information is copied in cells at the atomic level. We will replace the prisoner, policeman, mirrors with electric fields. Refer the picture below:
| Figure Numbers | Narration | Image on Left | Image on Right | Matter State Change |
| 1 | Data that has to get copied | bAdA | Key with black border. | Semi-solid-hard |
| 2 | External Electric Field | Blue color sine wave | Orange color semi-solid Frame to create the key copy | Semi-solid-mild |
| 3 | Empty nano cell | Empty | Semi-solid matter that can be poured in frame 2 | Semi-solid-soft |
| 4 | Data getting copied | Not shown in picture | semi-solid matter 3 getting cast into a key inside frame 2 | Semi-solid-soft changes to Semi-solid-hard |
| 5 | Data successfully copied in the new cell | bAdA | New copied key | Semi-solid-hard |
Image on Left: Here we are showing 2 rectangular cells next to each other. And the first cell is holding the information “bAdA” denoted by 1. The blue color sine wave external electric field is progressing in time, and as it passes close to 1, its mirror image is imprinted on the electric field wave function. I have tried to show the modified wave function with the blue color “AbAd” inside the blue wave only for easier explanation. Now when this modified wave function passes close the the cell 3. The mirror image of “AbAd” is imprinted as “bAdA” in 5. Also the original “bAdA” in 1 starts to fade away slowly with time, shown with dotted line in last step.
Image on Right: Here I have tried to take an example of how to make a duplicate key. So 1 is the original key made of semi-solid-hard matter. So it leaves its impression on 2 which is Semi-solid-mild. This acts as a frame for data copy. Now 3, which is Semi-solid-soft is poured into 2. And with the passage of time its space-time ratio changes. Thereby changing its state from Semi-solid-soft to Semi-solid-hard as 4.
To summarize Image on Left is showing data copy in 2 dimensions, and on right in 3 dimensions. However in reality it happens in 5 dimensions which are length, width, height, time and space-time. But I used lesser dimensions for easier explanation.
Also earlier we had learnt all states of matter are nothing but just changes in the space-time ratio inside their atoms and molecules. So this data copy fundamentally depends on space-time ratio changes happening in a particular order as shown above in water and sand atoms. Or in very simple words we can call this data copy as some special changes in “passage of time” inside atoms and molecules. However please note that this data copy actually happens in both living and non-living matter. So what I have explained so far is the below:
Nature reproduces the atoms and molecules only of a particular kind in a particular region only because of some special arrangements and vibrations of atoms relative to each other in space.
which I had written earlier in the blog “How Computer reads and writes data ?”. So the original question is still unanswered “How is a living cell formed ?”. To answer that, let’s look at the below table.
| Dimensions Count | Dimension Name | Non-Living Matter | Living Matter |
| 1-Dimension | Length | Length changes | Length changes |
| 2-Dimension | Length, Width | Length and Width changes | Length and Width changes |
| 3-Dimension | Length, Width, Height | Length, Width and Height changes | Length, Width and Height changes |
| 4-Dimension | Length, Width, Height, Time | Length, Width, Height and Time changes | Length, Width and Height only change. Time remains constant |
| 5-Dimension | Length, Width, Height, Time, Space-Time | Length, Width, Height, Time and Space-Time changes | Length, Width, Height, Time and Space-Time changes |
Now that we have learnt Chirality and data copy, let’s assume that there is some matter which can be either Non-Living and Living. So due to resonance, the matter which is made of atoms and molecules will reproduce.
Based on the above table, if the molecules reproduce along the length, then we can measure that by change in length.
Similarly if the molecules reproduce along the length and width, then we can measure that also by change in length and width.
And if the molecules reproduce along the length, width and height, then we can measure that also by change in length, width and height.
But if the molecules reproduce along the length, width, height and time, then we can measure that there is a difference between Non-Living and Living matter.
Any measurements in the space-time for Non-Living and Living matter may be unnecessary.
| Non-Living Matter | Living Cell |
| Data accuracy is maintained till nano scale only | Data accuracy is maintained till pico scale |
| Time as a dimension is not constant | Time as a dimension is constant |
Atomically both living and non-living matter are same except for the above table. Even if we find that there is a data loss at pico level in a living cell. It can be repaired through another process. So it is not a distinguishing factor. The main difference between living and non-living matter is only that the 4th Dimension(Time) remains constant. And as the time remains constant, in this constant time the electric field stores/copies information recurringly using chirality, and we call it memory. Thats why machines in space are programmed to check if time is constant or not in the 4th dimension to distinguish between living and non-living matter. This memory when copied again and again is also called as inheritance. This anamoly that the time is kept constant at atomic level can also be called as “quantum entanglement of time”.
The wave function bAdA is not copied in one cycle of the nano/pico electric field. But over a period of several cycles like first b, then A, then d, then A. And each letter is also copied in small bits. Like for the letter b, the standing line | of b in one cycle and the circle o of the b in the next cycle and so on. In other words, this data copy happens not only at nano level but also at pico level becuase we also know that space-time is continous as far as we can measure for sure. And this is why the information accuracy is very high. And in living cells that data is accurately copied at nano and pico level.
Can we see the data inside the cell with our eyes ? Yes/No
The answer to this is both yes and no. And to arrive at that we will discuss the operations of a PCB(Printed Circuit Board).
A PCB is a piece of hardware with different components like resistors, capacitors, diodes, wires and so on. If you take out the PCB of your computer monitor, printer and audio speaker. Then can you actually tell the difference which PCB is for which device ?
No, you cannot. Because all the PCB’s look very similar and any common person, will not know the difference between them. To him all the PCBs look alike. In Spite of that, every PCB is designed uniquely to perfection, so that it passes the data/current in the correct sequence and amount. Hence if you try to switch the PCB of the computer monitor in a printer or vice-versa, it will not work.
If you take a normal copper wire. And pass current of lets say 1 A, then its output will be the same if we do not measure up to a very high decimal accuracy. But if we measure up to 10 or 15 decimal places, and let say we pass 1.456739867456874 Amperes of current. Then its output will change every time in 15 decimal places, and will never be constant. Do you know why ?
Because it is non-living, so time as a dimension is changing as per the table above inside the copper wire. If we pass the same current of 1.456739867456874 Amperes through a very carefully designed PCB, then its output will be constant, no matter how many times we pass the current. We had mentioned this in my other blog also “How Computer reads and writes data ?” on how Hard disks work (“The beauty of the HDD is that, no matter how many times you pass current, if the current is passed accurately like this table, its output will always be the same”).
Exactly the same thing happens in a PCB, so we can conclude that “inside the PCB, the 4th dimension(time) is constant just like a living cell”. When people discovered this, they got the idea that it is possible to store data in machines also like our body. This knowledge is also used in making artificial organs for the human body made of electronic components.
You may also think, if hardware devices can also act as a living cell. Then in deep space, won’t machines be making a mistake to differentiate between living and non-living matter?
Yes, that is why the softness and hardness of an object is also checked. So if machines detect the object is hard and time is constant, then it will be considered as a hard disk. And if the object is soft and time is constant, then it will be considered a soft disk(living cell).
Coming back to our original question, of how cells look like. We actually cannot see anything at nano or pico level. We can only imagine the nano world, based on the data we collect. And because PCBs are designed pieces of hardware working just like a living cell. A living cell should also look like a PCB at nano or pico scale. Or in other words a living cell at nano level is a PCB, replicating itself in all the 5 dimensions. Some important differences in the below table also:-
| PCB or Hard disk | Living Cell at Atomic scale |
| Cannot store complex information | Can store very complex information |
| Data is accurate even in extreme heat and cold temperatures | Data is accurate only in a small range of 8°C to 42°C |
| Longer life span | Shorter life span |
| Easy to design and change | Very difficult to design and change |
| Stores very less information and not very accurate | Can store much larger information and much more accurate |
Can you please elaborate “time is constant” ? Yes
We can get a misconception, that I am trying to say that time has stopped inside a living cell or PCB. So if it is 9 AM 11 Nov 2024 now, inside the cell it will always be 9 AM 11 Nov 2024.
No, I am not trying to say this. Time will pass everywhere. But “space-time is continuous”, so the measurements that we are doing using our high precision formulas, are making us believe that time is constant in that space where the measurements are taken.
At the atomic level, if we go back to the prisoners analogy. Then time is passing naturally for every prisoner. And with the passage of time, all the prisoners, police and prison cell also will change with time. They will not be there permanently. But if the Art-3 drawn by Prisoner-3 is never erased. And when it gets very accurately copied to Art-4, then Art-4 becomes the new Art-3 and manifests itself as the “fundamental process for cloning” at a very small scale. And this keeps on repeating. So lets assume, that everyday a new Policeman comes to the prison, he will always find Art-3 drawn in front of a prison somewhere. And lets say it takes him 20 seconds to look at the entire drawing and relay this information to Prisoner-4. Then after getting erased somehow, the next day it is drawn again. It will generally always take 20 seconds for any new Policeman to perform the same activity with another new prisoner as well. Becuase the Art-3 drawing is exactly same everyday. So this Art-3 drawing is taking 20 seconds of the policeman duty time everyday and is constant.
On the contrary, if the policeman took more time(25 seconds), or less time(15 seconds) to relay the information everyday. Then in both the cases, the Art-3 will not get copied accurately to Art-4. So the cell will become Non-living. Life can only exist in perfect arrangement of energy and matter, neither more nor less, which is very rare.
In case of living cell, the accuracy or precision of the Art-3 drawing is always maintained at pico(10^-12) level. In case of Non-living matter, the Art-3 and Art-4 are similar but not the same. And the data copy is accurate only till nano(10^-9) level only. You may have guessed correctly that Art-3 and bAdA actually represent a PCB. But to simplify explanation I used alphabets and drawing.
Explanation for the probability of 1:3 or 1:1 trillion :-
Now let’s assume, that we are talking about the formation of a very small insect about 1 cm size.
| 1 cm | 10 mm |
| 1 mm | 1000 micro meter |
| 1 micro meter | 1000 nano meter |
So 1 milli meter would be approx 1000 micron meter, which would be approx 1000 x 1000 nano meter.
We are assuming 1 nano prison to be an atom of length 1 nm. So we would need 10^6 such prisons. So lets call this group of 1 million prisons as a village. And a collection of 10 villages as a city. Such that 1 city size is same as the insect size of 1 cm.
As the total number of atoms or nanocell in the insect is 10^7. This number is more than a million but less than a trillion. So rough estimate would be 1 in trillion.
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