First we will define few terms:
Hardware: Any matter that is not alive and exhibits resistance to a passing current or field that can store data.
Software: Living cells that store information inside them. For simplicity we will call it an XLS sheet.
When computer started evolving we were able to increase the storage size of the data by a huge amount. The primary reason for this was that a computer operates with both hardware and software. A random software when connected to another random hardware will not work and vice versa will also not work.
This is because every hardware runs with a unique software installation code. And this code is dynamic and specific to that hardware at the atomic level. So whenever a software is installed, it stores the mapping of the data specific to the hardware.
In a Tape or Old CDs we used a hard pin or laser to read the binary data using electric current or a light. Lasers or Pins can burn the film inside the disk and create 0s and 1s. But this limits the amount of data that can be stored and is not relevant today. And in the latest DVDs, Hard disks or SSDs this does not happen. Here the laser does not burn the film inside the disk. Laser/Current does only one thing.
“Complete the electrical circuit” to store the mapping of the data. But how ?
Lets understand this with a very simple example. Let’s say we want to store the switch number of a ceiling fan in our room. It has a big switch board with 4 switches, and as we are new to the room, we do not know out of 4 which one will start the fan. So what do we do ?
We press all the switches one by one until we find the one that turns the fan on. Now as soon as the fan switches on, our body and the brain memorises that it is the third switch that is starting the fan.
So the mapping of starting the fan with which switch is stored in our brain and not inside the fan or switchboard.
Similarly, when software connects with hardware, then hardware does not know that I am carrying any information. The software knows that and memorises it, and passes the current accordingly. Here is the picture at a high level.
2-T brain region is the location in your brain where you have memorized table of 2 as below
| 2 X 1 | 2 |
| 2 x 2 | 4 |
| 2 x 3 | 6 |
| 2 x 4 | 8 |
| 2 x 5 | 10 |
| 2 x 6 | 12 |
| 2 x 7 | 14 |
| 2 x 8 | 16 |
| 2 x 9 | 18 |
| 2 x 10 | 20 |
You can see that this table is exactly like an XLS (Microsoft Excel Sheet). That is why in the begining we called software as an XLS. Below we have the zoom in of the M-1 region.
Please note that the motion of electrons around atoms nucleus or in current is not circular. It will be a random and can be described as wave function. And the Nucleus shown as a red dot, becuase its wave function is even smaller than electron and not important to be shown(like for electron in the picture below) here as a circle. Also I wanted to show the electron and nucleus closer to each other, so you may see it at the center of the circle. To explain electron motion, lets consider a very simple example where an electrons motion is a sine wave. Refer the picture below:
Here on the left side, the sine wave is represented in Co-ordinate axes and the same wave is represented as a circle on the right side. So the motion of Electron in the M-1 region is also a wave not a circle. However for easier explanation and to show the effect that current is having on the atoms we have shown it as a circle. You may have observed the 90 degree swing, and concluded that this is “Fleming’s Left-hand rule”. But please hold on, this is more complicated. To explain it, we will have to understand few more perspectives and for that, we will discuss something else first.
We will start with something at a high level in nature. You must have seen that are certain geographical areas that are rich in Gold, for example Kolar Gold Fields (K.G.F.) is a mining region in Karnataka, India that is rich in Gold. Here you will not see Marbles stones in abundance. But in Rajasthan desert region, there are rich deposits of Marble Stones and probably no gold deposits. Do you know the reason for this? Lets try finding from the table below.
| Production | Reproduction |
| Any matter that is created or transformed in 4 dimensions in called produced | Any matter that is created or transformed in 5 dimensions is reproduced |
| Here the arrangement of atoms electrons and nucleus is broadly controlled by heavier objects (like stars or COG). So Gravity is Uniform | Here the arrangement of atoms electrons and its nucleus is broadly controlled by both heavier(like stars or COG) and lighter object (like big rocks, ice or small planets). Gravity is Not Uniform |
| In KGF, first atoms of gold are produced due to a star or planets gravity | In KGF, later with time the atoms of gold are reproduced becuase of the fields of nearby medium heavy objects like small planets, big rocks etc. |
| Resonance does not have much affect here | Primarily happens due to resonance of its atoms and molecules. You can also say the the “Re” in “Reproduction” stands for Resonance. |
Resonance, is the reason why KGF, has more number of atoms getting converted into gold atoms, and same in Rajasthan where atoms are converted into marbles. Nature reproduces the atoms and molecules only of a particular kind in a particular region only becuase of some special arrangements and vibrations of atoms relative to each other in space.
What is Resonance ?
Now we wil try to explain what is resonance and later why it changes matter at atomic level. So lets begin by understanding the picture below.
Lets assume that Car A was moving earlier at a speed of 20km/hour and when a speed breaker arrives, its speed becomes 5 km/hour. And Car B, which is moving at 40 km/hour after few initial bumps will be forced to reduce its speed to 5 km/hour. Black color car is in the present state, and light brown color is in the past, and dark brown color is the future state of the car. This is a true example of resonance. Becuase speed breaker(medium) affected the vibration of Car A and Car B. They both were travelling in a different mediums before the spead breaker at different speeds, but when their medium becomes same, thier speed also starts matching after some time. To further understand resonance at atomic level, we will start from the outside Universe and learn about the 5th Dimension.
What is 5th Dimension?
| Observer – A | Observer – B |
| 1 minute passed | 10 minutes passed |
| 1 year passed | 10 years passed |
| 10 years passed | 100 years passed and he died (Assuming average life expectancy as 100 years) |
| 12 years passed | 20 years passed for Obersever – B’s kid (Assuming the kid takes the place of his parent and is born exactly at the time of the death of his parent) |
The reason for me to show this table, is to bring the concept of resonance going out of sync for both observers. When we started both the observers were of the same age, but due to the 5th dimension, time passed differently for both. And in the end, Observer-A is only 12 years old but Observer-B’s kid is 20 years. Now lets assume that we go back in time(which is not possible) and Observer-B also comes close to the same/different “Very Heavy Planet”, such the the time is passing at same speed for both. In that case they both are in sync and in resonance. Now this table will be same for both the observers. To summarize this, in order to make the observers resonate, we made the gravtiy same at both locations.
The same thing is done at atomic level, you can replace “Observer A and B” with “Duplicate electrons”, and “Electric current” with “Very heavy Planet”.
And in the cars example, Car A is Green electron and Car B is Blue electron, and speed breaker is “Electric current”.
So in the M-1 region picture, to show the electron wave function I have used different colors green and blue. The life-span of an electron wavefunction is roughly in the range of 10^-15 seconds(femto seconds ). Such that when the green dies, there is an emptiness created which gives birth to blue electron. Green one is the parent and blue is the child. Or you can also say that they are duplicates such that only one exists at a single time. But this new blue electron’s wave function is majorily affected by the current which is passed (due to resonance). And all electrons will have similar wave functions. And due to this resonance, the blue electron gets a 90 degee swing in its wave function. However it is a random value, and it can be any other value as well. You could think of all “blue electrons” as “Gen Z”, like people born in one time having similar mindsets or living style. So all the electrons wave functions taking birth during a single wave of the current passed will have common resistance. The current passed changes the “Medium/Field” (Quantum Gravity) for the electron wave function to take birth and vibrates them in the same frequency. So the electrons in all the atoms of the HDD move in similar wave functions. And gives same resistance value for the corresponding current passed.(Refer table below)
Now you must have heard about the Ohms Law. V=IR. Assuming that we are keeping the Voltage as 5 volts, Current around 1 A. So, our aim is to find the resistance of the HDD with small changes of current in milli or micro amperes. Lets assume that we have a computer processor(not shown in picture) that can generate 1 Ghz frequencies. This means that processor can generate electromagnetic fields that vibrate 10^9(1 Giga) times in 1 second. And when we pass different values for current as per the below table. Then it is capable of generating data steams of 10^9 bits every second.
| Input Pin for HDD | Current Passed | Output current | Mapped to Alphabet |
| I-1 | 1.000001 | .987668 | A |
| I-2 | 1.000023 | .987568 | B |
| I-3 | 1.000054 | .987665 | C |
| I-4 | 1.000076 | .987676 | D |
| I-5 | 1.000054 | .987623 | E |
| I-6 | 1.000088 | .987698 | F |
| I-7 | 1.000026 | .987644 | G |
| I-8 | 1.000035 | .986609 | H |
So lets say we want to recieve the signal for “BAD” on the output, then according to this table, we will pass current(or change field) first in I-2, then I-1, then I-4, which is only 3 data-steams in 1 second. Please note that instead of alphabets, we can add numbers, hexadecimal or binary code and then as use ASCII codes translation. But I have shown alphabets only for simplicity.
When the manufacturer produces the HDD, they create a hardware-specific, software driver to run the hardware. This driver software (or XLS in our langauge) stores the calibration of the HDD. So they will pass the current in a very small range from lets say 1.000001 to 1.002001, and they check the consistency in the resistance of the HDD. The beauty of the HDD is that, no matter how many times you pass current, if the current is passed accurately like this table, its output will always be the same or almost same with a % of error that can also be stored in the driver. So after passing the current in 2000 different values, they generate a crossword puzzle as shown in the picture.
This XLS table is memorized in a living cell like the “Table of 2” I had shown earlier, and it recognizes the pattern shown with red cirles in the cross-word puzzle easily. So when asked, it can tell that “BAD” is located from B2 to B4. And it passes the current accordingly which is streamed through HDD to your output using a processor.
Now you may think alphabets and numbers are simple, how are images and videos stored. So let’s take the first image of this blog with name “Hardware and Software Storage” (hard-soft-wares.png) as an example which has a width of 1557 pixels and height of 885 pixels. Now we will assume we are storing a simple black(1) or white(0) for every pixel. So to store this image in HDD we would need 1,377,945 (approx 10^6) pixels. This would mean we would need to have 1 million combinations memorized in a XLS. But this is a very simple image, for bigger images, if you calculate the number of pixels, it would reach even higher values. So how and where does the HDD store so many pixels actually ?
No, it does not. The above image is actually stored in just a few lines as below in an XLS:
– Draw a rectangle Canvas with a width of 1557 pixels and height of 885 pixels.
– Draw a black rectangle (width and height of 646 X 194 pixels) starting at this pixel (110 , 430) with a black border of 4 pixels.
– Draw 8 lines with a height of 60 pixels spaced evenly starting from (145 x 638) at a distance of 60 pixels each.
…. like this we can describe each step that was taken in your Image editing software like (Adobe Photoshop or GIMP)
Once we have the above list of steps, which I will also call as XLS formulas, the HDD translates this data from the Software(XLS) into an output device which can be a computer LCD screen or a printer. And this data of the complete images or videos that you see on the screen is referred to, as “the size of the HDD being 1 TB”. Actually the HDD does not hold any meaningful information. It only acts as a medium to amplify the formulas of XLS into a full fledged information that you can see on the screen. But by using multipe XLS files linked to each other we are able to generate data streams of MB and GB , and hence, the HDD size is said to have that much capacity.
HDD data stream example?
Lets say we store a value of 22/7 in an XLS formula. We know that its value starts with 3.142857 and ….. goes on. Nobody knows it total length, becuase it is a never ending sequence. So when XLS only stores 3 bytes of information 22, 7, /. But HDD will convert it into MB, GB worth of data-streams, by only repeating the formula. This value 3.142857 .. .. .. .. is neither stored in HDD or XLS, but is always displayed on the screen.
Another reason why may have misunderstood hard disk can be clarified with this example. Let’s say you can eat 4 breads in a day everyday. So in a year you will eat around 1460 breads. So we can say that you have the capacity of eating 1460/year. This does not make a meaningful sense to you. But it does make sense to the manufacturer and “seller of bread” in your region.
Similarly the company selling HDD will say that this device has a capacity of transferring current that carries information totaling to 1 TB. But in a fraction of nano or pico second it transmits only 8 bits at a time. Like you eat only 4 pieces of bread in a day.
So to summarize, HDD only completes the electrical circuit to your XLS and acts as a medium to relay the data to your computer screen. All data in the form of images, videos, mySQL, Programs in Java, C++ etc are stored in XLS in a very small space and later expanded using formulas like I have shown above with steps to create a picture.
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